Indexing
A another powerful feature for data analysis and manipulation.
Let's perform basic operations such as indexing arrays, to manipulate and analyze data efficiently
Why Indexing?
Indexing is a fundamental concept in NumPy, allowing you to access specific elements or subsets of elements within an array.
A real-world example:
Suppose we have a dataset of stock prices, where each row represents a prices on dates and each column represents a open, high, low and close prices on particular day. We can use indexing to access specific prices or subsets of prices.
import numpy as np
# Create a NumPy array with stock prices
stock_prices = np.array([
# [open, high, low, close]
[749.90, 753.70, 739.00, 744.15], # 24-10-2025
[750.00, 755.65, 743.10, 745.90], # 25-10-2025
[762.00, 763.00, 738.00, 753.45], # 26-10-2025
])
print("Prices: \n", stock_prices)
# Access a single element:
high_price = stock_prices[0, 1]
print("Stock high price on 24-10-2025: ", high_price)
# Access a subset of elements:
stock_prices_subset = stock_prices[0, :]
print("Stock prices on 24-10-2025: ", stock_prices_subset)
# Access a subset of elements:
close_prices = stock_prices[:, 3]
print("Close prices for all dates: ", close_prices)
# Access a subset of elements:
dates25_26_prices = stock_prices[1:3, :]
print("Prices for 25'th and 26'th dates: \n", dates25_26_prices)
In this example, we create a NumPy array stocks prices with dates prices, where each row represents a date and each column represents a prices. We then use indexing to access specific prices or subsets of prices.
- We access a single element: Stock high price on 24-10-2025 using stock_prices[0, 1].
- We access a subset of elements: Stock prices on 24-10-2025 using stock_prices[0, :].
- We access a subset of elements: Close prices for all dates using stock_prices[:, 3].
- We access a subset of elements: Prices for 25'th and 26'th dates using stock_prices[1:3, :].